Category: History

  • Toughest Domino Falls

    General William Westmoreland has passed away. This article was selected for both its perfect headline, which I’ve happily utilized, and its content.

    Retired US army General William Childs Westmoreland, who commanded American and Australian troops in the Vietnam war, has died at age 91.

    Westmoreland died yesterday of natural causes at Bishop Gadsden retirement home in Charleston, where he had lived with his wife for several years, his son James Ripley Westmoreland said.

    The jut-jawed officer maintained to the end that the US was not defeated by communist forces in South-East Asia.

    “It’s more accurate to say our country did not fulfill its commitment to South Vietnam,” he once said. “By virtue of Vietnam, the US held the line for 10 years and stopped the dominoes from falling.”

    He would later say he did not know how history would deal with him.

    “Few people have a field command as long as I did,” he said. “They put me over there and they forgot about me. But I was there seven days a week, working 14 to 16 hours a day.

    “I have no apologies, no regrets. I gave my very best efforts,” he said. “I’ve been hung in effigy. I’ve been spat upon. You just have to let those things bounce off.”

    Thank you for your service, Gen. Westmoreland. You never let the bastards get you too down.

  • Britain Celebrates Trafalgar Victory

    Amidst the pageantry paying homage to a battle that greatly helped shaped today’s world, political correctness raises its ugly head as Britain opened a long celebration of the bicentennial of its storied naval victory over the forces of Napolean on October 21, 1805.

    Seventeen ships from five nations stage a mock sea battle off southern England on Tuesday to mark the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Trafalgar, during which Admiral Horatio Nelson routed Napoleon Bonaparte’s French and Spanish forces and ensured that Britain ruled the waves for more than a hundred years. The ceremony – watched by Queen Elizabeth II and thousands of spectators – was to involve 10 tons of gunpowder, state-of-the-art pyrotechnics and a replica 18th-century frigate portraying the HMS Victory, the flagship that Nelson commanded and died aboard when a musket ball struck his spine during the famous battle.

    France and Britain have long forged an alliance since then, and ships from both countries will take part in Tuesday’s ceremony, as will ships from Spain. But the British-French rivalry remains strong, as is evident by their latest public feud over the European Union budget, and the anniversary organisers worked hard to avoid touching it off. They decided not to carry out a precise re-enactment of the Battle of Trafalgar with a victor and a loser, instead opting for a sea battle pitting an unidentified red navy against an unnamed blue one.

    That irritated Anna Tribe, 75, the great, great, great granddaughter of Admiral Nelson and his famous lover, Emma Hamilton. Tribe dismissed the idea as ‘pretty stupid.’

    “I am sure the French and Spanish are adult enough to appreciate we did win that battle,” she said [edit — this view is certainly open for debate].

    “I am anti-political correctness. Very much against it. It makes fools of us.”

    As much as I despise such PC silliness, I recognize I can do little about this instance and, therefore, refuse to let it mar the majesty of the moment for this military history buff. Be it an accurate re-enactment or a silly red-on-blue exercise, I’ll still pimp out an article that has a couple of amazing photographs from the festivities. For the military buffs, I’ll also point you to this interesting comparison of two ships involved in the legendary battle.

  • Military Records to Show How Luminaries Served

    Want to know the service record of yesteryear’s people of note? Want to look up the military performance of an ancestor? Well, here’s your chance.

    Psychedelic-guitar man Jimi Hendrix, soul singer Marvin Gaye, Desi “Ricky Ricardo” Arnaz and actor Steve McQueen, newsman Edward R. Murrow, “Dragnet” detective Jack Webb — military veterans all.

    Who knew?

    The nation now will be afforded some unique insight into these former servicemen and 144 other “persons of exceptional prominence” who served in the military.

    For the first time, their official service records will be opened to the public, the National Archives & Records Administration announced yesterday. The records of 1.2 million enlisted men and women who served in the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps from 1885 to 1935 also will be made public.

    The roster includes Elvis Presley and folk singer Barry Sadler, actors Clark Gable and Vic Morrow, pilots Eddie Rickenbacker and Charles Lindbergh, boxers Rocky Marciano and Joe Louis, plus baseball heroes Jackie Robinson, Roberto Clemente and Hank Greenberg.

    “These records are full of history, but they’re also very personal. They contain biographies, performance reports, duty assignments, nominations for medals,” said Barry McGraw, director of archival programs at the National Personnel Records Center (NPRC).

    Thankfully, some precautions for privacy are being maintained.

    “Public figures must have been deceased at least 10 years before we can release their records,” Mr. McGraw [, said. “For the general public, they must have been released from the service for at least 62 years.”

    Records of celebrated military and sports heroes and famous political names are up for grabs.

    […]

    The center has a few sensitivity protocols in place.

    “Sometimes there are personnel actions, records of inappropriate behavior, medical files and so forth which could embarrass a family,” Mr. McGraw said.

    “For an individual who would be less than 100 years of age, we can screen out those items,” he said. “If that person would have been over 100 years, then it’s all open to the public.”

    This could prove to be quite a boon to biographers, historians and geneologists.

  • Sixty-One Years Ago: D-Day

    The Atlantic Wall was pierced.

    I had hoped for a better post to honor the day, but work and personal matters delayed blogging. Instead, I’ll hand over the reins to one of my favorite MilBloggers, John of Argghhh!!!

    His post covers the day through history, but the obvious and deserved focus is on that dramatic day in 1944. Oh yeah, it has some great photos, both of the day and of the cost.

  • Ship Finally Recognized for D-Day Role

    Hail at last the USS Achernar and those that sailed it on that fateful June 6, 1944.

    The crew of a World War II-era ship has finally set the record straight about the vessel’s name and its role in the D-Day invasion.

    A June 1944 issue of Life magazine included an account of the ship, Achernar, loaded with communications equipment to help choreograph the invasion. But the reporter gave the ship a false name — USS Acamar — to protect the secretive nature of the mission.

    A group of nine veterans gathered Saturday to receive citations commending the ship’s role as one of four command vessels for the mission — and recognizing it by its actual name.

    “I’ve been trying since the war was over to get the ship recognized properly,” said Phil Gentilcore, 82, who was a gunner’s mate.

    The Achernar’s existence is well-documented, but there’s been no reference to the fact that the Acamar and the Achernar were the same until now, said Gentilcore, of Hyattsville.

    U.S. Rep. Chris Van Hollen and other politicians drew up citations acknowledging the ship and its crew in time for the veterans’ annual reunion and the 61st anniversary of D-Day on Monday.

    The veterans said their adventures were numerous. Gentilcore remembers seeing the first medical tent go up on Omaha Beach, and feeling glad to know that the Allied forces were making progress and that the wounded could be treated.

    He also recalled how all the sailors on destroyers wanted to come aboard the Achernar because it was one of the few ships with an ice cream maker.

    The Achernar, which could carry about 400 people, received three battle stars for World War II service and three battle stars for Korean War service. The ship was scrapped in 1982.

    I find it absolutely amazing that it took just under 61 years to correct the history from Acamar to Achernar.

  • Deep Throat Family Ready to Cash in on new Fame

    Pappy brought down a president, now the kinfolk are wanting the green.

    The family of W. Mark Felt, the former FBI official whose alter-ego “Deep Throat” remained in hiding for 30 years after bringing down a sitting president, appears ready to cash in on his new found fame.

    And if money is what they want, Felt’s family stands to reap a financial windfall, according to literary agents, who estimated Wednesday that a book deal could be worth up to $1 million.

    “That is assuming he has a compelling story to tell,” said Glen Hartley, president of Writer’s Representatives LLC, based out of New York. “A book could easily be valued in the six figures.”

    As news broke that Felt was indeed the secret source who guided two young Washington Post reporters as they uncovered the Watergate scandal, Felt’s family offered to sell family photographs – the first in an apparent flood of moneymaking opportunities.

    Felt’s role in the scandal, which forced the resignation of president Richard Nixon, surfaced in an article written for Vanity Fair by a family friend, San Francisco attorney John O’Connor.

    He wrote that Felt’s daughter Joan, who persuaded her 91-year-old father to go public as “Deep Throat,” lamented that the Post’s Bob Woodward would get all the credit – and profit – if Felt went to the grave with his secret.

    “We could make at least enough money to pay some bills like the debt I’ve run up for the kids’ education,” she told Felt, according to the article. “Let’s do it for the family.”

    Grab all the money while you can — you know what they say about fifteen minutes.

  • Deep Throat Steps Forth

    [NOTE: I really planned to ignore the Deep Throat crap until I stumbled across a little story from Iowa. Iowa — famous for a baseball field in the corn, dating Dean but marrying Kerry and … well … more corn.]

    And so ends the mystery.

    The legendary source “Deep Throat” in the Watergate scandal that brought down a president was identified Tuesday by Vanity Fair magazine and The Washington Post as W. Mark Felt.

    Felt, now 91, was the No. 2 official at the FBI in the early 1970s. The information he provided Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein helped them break many of the stories that led to the resignation of President Nixon in August 1974.

    The revelation ended more than three decades of speculation about Woodward and Bernstein’s famous confidential source in reporting on the cover-up by the Nixon White House following the bungled break-in of National Democratic Committee headquarters at the Watergate office-hotel complex in June 1972.

    Not with a bang, but with a yawn.

    The identity of Deep Throat, the source who leaked information about President Nixon’s involvement in the Watergate scandal, often is cited as one of the 20th century’s greatest mysteries.

    However, Quad-City residents interviewed Tuesday are indifferent to the revelation that it is former FBI official W. Mark Felt.

    “Not too many years ago, I had a student come up to me and say, ‘Did that really happen?’,” said Ann Preston, journalism department chair at St. Ambrose University. “That student who said that would be close to 30 now. Younger adults, they see it more as urban legend than as history.”

    For some, the mystery behind Deep Throat is for another generation.

    I would suspect that more of the disinterest lies in the generational stance rather than the disbelieving stance. The days when this would have been a story with national legs are long past, especially without a big name being revealed.

    Josh Anderson, 23, of Rock Island, learned about Deep Throat in high school and college. He said the identity of Deep Throat and the scandal as a whole do not really matter today.

    University of Iowa sophomores Phil Young, of Davenport, and Allison Hildebrand, of Princeton, Iowa, said they also learned about Watergate in high school. However, they were unfamiliar with Deep Throat and the circumstances surrounding how the Watergate scandal broke.

    Eileen Benson, 68, of Bettendorf, remembers learning about Deep Throat but does not particularly think much of the revelation.

    “There are so many other problems in our world today that it’s not my top priority,” she said.

    For Preston, the disclosure that Deep Throat was Felt makes the mystery less interesting.

    “The mystique is gone; it also cuts out the hope that within that corrupt administration, there was somebody honest who was trying to the right thing in a backward way,” she said.

    Preston is right about the loss of mystique. The story is a yawner because that mystique was not replaced by substantial identity. However, the rest of Preston’s statement, her willingness to condemn an entire administration, will tie into my issue with Deep Throat, Watergate and the state of journalism shortly.

    Preston uses the book “All the President’s Men” in her classes to demonstrate journalism’s importance.

    The book, written by Washington Post reporters Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward, recounts in detail the reporting surrounding the Watergate investigation.

    “I use it to show the insignificance, yet significance of the world of journalism,” she said. “In one of the scenes in the movie, it shows (Woodward and Bernstein) in the Library of Congress,” she added. “Two tiny guys with a stack of material; the camera pulls away from them to make them even more insignificant and tiny, yet they are the people who bring down the presidency.”

    You want to know why the yawn? It’s people like Preston, people who have tainted journalism ever since the Watergate days. Felt brings no glamour to the story. All the President’s Men had glamour; being a rebellious journalist racing after the truth had glamour.

    Before the Watergate story, journalism wasn’t about glamour. It was generally a trade of love for most involved, a craft devoted to getting the story right and doing it the best. The slant, the color, the opinion — that was the domain of the paper’s two editorial pages and not to enter the realm of any and every news story.

    Woodward and Bernstein did some solid journalism. They had a story and chased after it like my dog does a tennis ball. They were tenacious in their quest and in their research. They brought down a presidency.

    And therein lies the problem. The face of journalism was changed, as even Preston shows. The lesson to be learned should have been how they worked their story; instead, it became “they are the people who bring down the presidency.” Journalists could now be the story, if they could break the biggest tale, bring down the highest figure.

    This is the mentality that has hung over much of the mainstream media since the days of Deep Throat (the source, not the movie). Get there first, with the most damage, and hang onto the story with utmost determination. See, for example, CBS’s foul-up with the Bush-AWOL forgeries for an eagerness to be first and not relent, despite extremely inadequate research. See Newsweek’s Koran-flushing tale for the same eagerness. See the fact that the New York Times ran the Abu Ghraib story on the front page for 32 consecutive days for the misplaced doggedness. See the ever-growing distrust by the American public of a media, colored in the years since Deep Throat by a leftist nature still celebrating its ability to bring down a Republican administration and trying, always, to recapture that glory and the accolades that Woodward and Bernstein earned. Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein may have been politically motivated to a degree, but their research was solid. Today, from journalism, we tend just to get the politically-motivated glory-hound aspect.

    Such are the final results of Watergate: a yawn at the end of a mystery, a media ever chasing the next Watergate, and the eternal damnation drilled into the public of a version of Richard M. Nixon, deserved in part as long as his accomplishments are not swept under the rug.

    And don’t get me started on all this “-gate” scandal-naming. Were Watergate to happen today, the trend is so ingrained in the collective media that the story would be labeled Watergategate. I’m freakin’ sick of it.

  • Wrapping up Memorial Day ’05

    Tomb of the Unknowns: Changing of the Guard (embossed)

    I opened my Memorial Day posting with an image of the Tomb of the Unknowns, taken by my girlfriend on our trip to D.C. I will close the day’s posting with an image from the Changing of the Guard ritual.

    The guard is changed every hour on the hour Oct. 1 to March 31 in an elaborate ritual. From April 1 through September 30, there are more than double the opportunities to view the change because another change is added on the half hour and the cemetery closing time moves from 5 to 7 p.m.

    An impeccably uniformed relief commander appears on the plaza to announce the Changing of the Guard. Soon the new sentinel leaves the Quarters and unlocks the bolt of his or her M-14 rifle to signal to the relief commander to start the ceremony. The relief commander walks out to the Tomb and salutes, then faces the spectators and asks them to stand and stay silent during the ceremony.

    The relief commander conducts a detailed white-glove inspection of the weapon, checking each part of the rifle once. Then, the relief commander and the relieving sentinel meet the retiring sentinel at the center of the matted path in front of the Tomb. All three salute the Unknowns who have been symbolically given the Medal of Honor. Then the relief commander orders the relieved sentinel, “Pass on your orders.” The current sentinel commands, “Post and orders, remain as directed.” The newly posted sentinel replies, “Orders acknowledged,” and steps into position on the black mat. When the relief commander passes by, the new sentinel begins walking at a cadence of 90 steps per minute.

    If you have not seen the ceremony, I’ve witnessed it more than once and highly recommend it.

    It is slow. It is determined. It is meticulous. It is touching.

    The majesty of the ceremony lies in its detailed, determined nature. It shows that our honored dead are not remembered only one day a year by our military — their memory is unfailingly revered . Their sacrifices receive tribute constantly from both comrades and strangers. Such is as it should be, both in the military and among all of the citizenry that value the freedoms and security that have been bought and paid for in blood and sacrifice. Our heroes deserve their special day, but their honor deserves our hearts throughout the year.

    (On a side note, the photo of the ceremony was perfect in every way but one, a slight discoloration I was unable to overcome. In desperation, I tried the embossed effect and was quite happy with the outcome.)

  • More Tributes from the Blogroll

    The grilling has commenced, war movies play on the television, and the fine folk on my blogroll keep honoring the day.

  • Memorial Day around the Blogroll

    I took a look around my favorite blogs overnight. Now, as I watch the NCAA lacrosse finals (Duke vs. Johns Hopkins) and prepare to grill, here are the tributes and honors I found.